Thank you for your feedback! We have determined that this issue is not a bug. In Visual Studio 2017 version 15.5 and earlier, it was possible to have a tsconfig ignored when building but not ignored by the language service. This caused problems when settings that users were configuring in the tsconfig.json did not end up applying when building, or when errors would appear from the language service but not affect the build.
Moving forward, we use the "Build Action" property to determine whether or not to recognize a tsconfig.json for the language service as well as the build; it will only be recognized if it is set to Content.
If you would like to prevent it from being published, you can set the "Copy to output directory" property to Do Not Copy.
Alternatively, you can ensure your project file includes the following:
<Content Include="tsconfig.json">
<CopyToOutputDirectory>Never</CopyToOutputDirectory>
</Content>
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I have installed the fix by upgrading to the latest version of Visual Studio. The issue is still not fixed: